Reginald Parnell (2 July 1911 – 7 January 1964) was a racing driver and team manager from Derby, England. He participated in seven Formula One World Championship Grands Prix, achieving one podium, and scoring a total of nine championship points.
Parnell, as both a driver and a team manager, had a considerable influence on post-war British motorsport until his premature death in 1964. Parnell raced at Brooklands and was banned following an accident with Kay Petre which ended her racing career. Before the war he bought up racing cars. Once the hostilities had ceased he sold them to form the basis of post-war racing entries. He later raced a whole host of cars before turning to management and taking Aston Martin into Formula 1. Parnell went on to run the Yeoman Credit Racing team with the help of his son Tim Parnell who later raced in Formula 1 himself.Steve Small, "The Guinness Complete Grand Prix Who's Who" (Guinness, , 1994)
During the war years, Parnell finished the Challenger and built up a comprehensive collection of racing machinery, which included Alfa Romeo, ERA, Riley Motor, Delage, MG Cars and Maserati models. He also sold race cars, with many famous and less famous racing machines passing through his hands, whilst making a name for himself in the business. This did not prevent Parnell from driving as soon as the war ended.
In 1947, Parnell was Britain's most successful racing driver, for which he won the BRDC's Gold Star. He began the year by winning two ice races in Sweden, with his ERA A-type, the earlier of these being the first Formula 1 race. He then returned to Britain, to win the Jersey Road Race in the Maserati 4CLT. He would have also won in Ulster, had his recently acquired ERA E-type not broken a de Dion tube. The following year, Parnell would again win the Gold Star. He took his new Maserati 4CLT/48 to Zandvoort and finished third in the circuit's inaugural meeting. He won the Goodwood Circuit Trophy at the first-ever meeting at Sussex circuit, was second in the Penya Rhin Grand Prix and fifth in the Gran Premio d'Italia. Parnell maintained this success into 1949 with the Maserati, gaining many successes at Goodwood, earning him the nickname, "Emperor of Goodwood", and raced at almost every major circuit across Europe. He also competed in the early-season races in South America.
It was in Sweden that Parnell showed true British ingenuity. He was there for the 1947 Swedish Winter Grand Prix at Rommehed, the first race run for cars complying with the newly-introduced Formula 1. He duly won, thus becoming the first winner of a Formula 1 race. He led an ERA clean sweep of the podium, as the only three cars to finish. Their chief rivals – the French – were stranded miles away from the circuit, on a ship stuck fast in the ice. The organiser decided to rerun the event as the Stockholm Grand Prix, on Lake Vallentuna. Meanwhile, between the two races Parnell had the idea of fitting twin rear wheels to his ERA to improve its road-holding on the ice. When he arrived at the race, the lead French driver, Raymond Sommer immediately objected but Parnell had checked the rules beforehand and found that there was nothing to preclude twin rear wheels. Despite temperatures of −15°F, Parnell's extra wheels really made the difference, as he skated to victory.Geoff Tibballs, "Motor-Racing's Strangest Races" (Robson Books, , 2001)
Whilst racing his Maserati, under the Scuderia Ambrosiana banner, he then became involved with BRM, initially as a test driver of the original V16 and later as the team's lead driver of the BRM Type 15, although BRM did not make many appearances. He remained under contract to BRM for 1951, but raced his Maserati because BRM could never get him a car, first with a win in the Chichester Cup at Goodwood, then having to retire in the Gran Premio di San Remo. When the BRM did work, it was at Goodwood that the car had its first victories when Parnell won the Woodcote Cup, then the Goodwood Trophy later the same day.
After the trip in Italy, Tony Vandervell approached him which saw Parnell driving Vandervell's Thinwall Special (a highly modified Formula One Ferrari 375) in numerous F1 races. He left a star-studded field standing in conditions so bad that the BRDC International Trophy final raced through hail, lightning and heavy rain. With poor visibility and the track under as much as six inches of water, the race had to be stopped after six laps due to Silverstone being flooded and too dangerous to continue. When the race was abandoned, Parnell was in the lead; no official winner was declared, so although he defeated the Alfa Romeo team, it was not until two months later in the 1951 British Grand Prix that the Alfas suffered their first real defeat. After the race Reg said, " It's a pity it was stopped as I would have liked the race to have continued. I was a minute ahead of the Italians and I am sure they would not have made this up. It was like aquaplaning in an ice-cold tub, but in the cockpit it was very hot and steamy so that at 80mph I only had a dim outline of the comers and only the outlines of spray telling me that another car was in front."
Vandervell immediately entered Parnell for the Festival of Britain Trophy at Goodwood, just a few weeks later. Parnell won the first heat, breaking the outright lap record on his first lap, from a standing start, from Farina and his 4CLT. He would go on and win the final, after a tremendous battle with Farina.
Parnell was back in the 4CLT at Dundrod for the Ulster Trophy. Following his defeat at Goodwood, Farina arrived with a works Alfa Romeo 158. At the start, the Italian had the better start and took the lead with Parnell running second. This was a tactical move, as the Farina knew that he would have to stop for fuel, whereas Parnell could run the race without stopping. As Farina exited the pits, Parnell shot past into the lead, but just one lap later, the Farina ate up Parnell's 3-second lead, passed him and won the race with Parnell taking second.
At the Grand Prix de l'A.C.F., BRM announced they would race at Reims-Gueux with Parnell, so Vandervell offered the Thinwall Special to Brian Shawe-Taylor. However, as the BRM failed to show up, and Shawe-Taylor was clearly at the same level as Parnell, Vandervell offered the Thinwall to Parnell, who finished fourth. After finishing second at Goodwood, he ended his season by taking the Scottish Grand Prix, at Winfield.
June 1952, over 25,000 spectators squeezed into Boreham Circuit to see Parnell take his only Formula Two victory aboard a Cooper –Bristol T20.
In 1952, Parnell enjoyed more class success with the DB2, taking wins at Silverstone and Boreham Circuit; at Goodwood, he unhesitatingly assumed duties as team manager for Aston Martin, following a pit fire seriously injured John Wyer. This was a foretaste of things to come. The success continued into 1953. At that year's Mille Miglia despite driving on the ignition switch after a broken throttle had to be wired up fully open, he and navigator, Louis Klemantaski finished in fifth place in their DB3. This was the highest ever finish by a British car at the great Italian classic. This result followed his second place in the 12 Hours of Sebring. He was also second at the RAC Tourist Trophy, and victorious in the Goodwood Nine Hours.
He was successful in other formulae but at the end of 1957 he decided to retire at the age of just 45. His last international race was the New Zealand Championship Road Race, at Ryal Bush where he finished second in a Ferrari 555/860. Parnell
In 1961 the Samengo-Turner brothers (Paul, William & Fabian) asked Parnell to take over the management of the Yeoman Credit Racing Team sponsorship deal from Ken Gregory of the British Racing Partnership. During the 1961 Formula One season, he ran two Cooper T53 Low-Line–Coventry Climax cars for John Surtees and Roy Salvadori, who between them collected a handful of championship points. For the 1962 season the team was renamed Bowmaker-Yeoman Racing, and in place of the Coopers, ran Lola Mk4 chassis, again powered by Climax engines. Surtees and Salvadori remained with the team, but Salvadori had a nightmare season, failing to finish a single race. Surtees fared much better, however, scoring 19 points and finishing in fourth place in the Drivers' Championship. During the season he also gave Parnell his first podium finishes as manager – with second places in both the British and German events – and took pole position at the season-opening Dutch Grand Prix.
After the Bowmakers withdrew from F1 at the end of 1962, Parnell set up a team in his own name. Reg Parnell Racing was still in the early stages of development in its premises in Hounslow, running a car of the young driver, Chris Amon.
Dr. Bartrip wrote that Parnell " could prepare a car meticulously and was as astute judge of a driver, identifying the potential of such talented prospects as John Surtees, Chris Amon, and Mike Hailwood".
1946 | Gransden Lodge Trophy | 1st | Maserati 4CL | |
Ulster Trophy | 2nd | Maserati 4CL | ||
1947 | Swedish Winter Grand Prix | 1st | ERA A-Type | |
Stockholm Grand Prix | 1st | ERA A-Type | ||
Jersey Road Race | 1st | Maserati 4CL | ||
Nîmes Grand Prix | 3rd | Maserati 4CL | ||
Nice Grand Prix | 3rd | Maserati 4CL | ||
1948 | Goodwood Trophy | 1st | Maserati 4CLT/48 | |
Gran Premio de Penya Rhin | 2nd | Maserati 4CLT/48 | ||
Jersey Road Race | 3rd | Maserati 4CL | ||
Grand Prix de Zandvoort | 3rd | Maserati 4CLT | ||
1949 | Richmond Trophy | 1st | Maserati 4CLT/48 | |
Chichester Cup | 1st | Maserati 4CLT | ||
Woodcote Cup | 1st | Maserati 4CLT | ||
Goodwood Trophy | 1st | Maserati 4CLT/48 | ||
Goodwood International | 2nd | Maserati 4CLT | ||
Copa de Acción San Lorenzo[2] | 2nd | Scuderia Ambrosiana | Maserati 4CLT | |
1950 | Richmond Trophy | 1st | Maserati 4CLT/48 | |
Woodcote Cup | 1st | Owen Racing Organisation | BRM Type 15 | |
Goodwood Trophy | 1st | Owen Racing Organisation | BRM Type 15 | |
Jersey Road Race | 2nd | Maserati 4CLT | ||
Nottingham Trophy | 2nd | Maserati 4CLT | ||
RAC British Grand Prix | 3rd | Alfa Romeo SpA | Alfa Romeo 158 | |
FIA World Championship of Drivers | 9th | Alfa Romeo SpA Scuderia Ambrosiana | Alfa Romeo 158 Maserati 4CLT/48 | |
1951 | Chichester Cup | 1st | Maserati 4CLT/48 | |
Festival of Britain Trophy | 1st | Tony Vandervell | Ferrari 375 Thinwall Special | |
BRDC International Trophy | 1st | Tony Vandervell | Ferrari 375 Thinwall Special | |
Castletown Trophy | 1st | Maserati 4CLT/48 | ||
Scottish Grand Prix | 1st | Tony Vandervell | Ferrari 375 Thinwall Special | |
Ulster Trophy | 2nd | Tony Vandervell | Ferrari 375 Thinwall Special | |
Woodcote Cup | 2nd | Tony Vandervell | Ferrari 375 Thinwall Special | |
Goodwood Trophy | 2nd | Tony Vandervell | Ferrari 375 Thinwall Special | |
FIA World Championship of Drivers | 10th | Tony Vandervell Owen Racing Organisation | Ferrari 375 Thinwall Special BRM Type 15 | |
1952 | West Essex CC Formula 2 Race | 1st | Archie Bryde | Cooper-Bristol T20 |
Silverstone International | 2nd | David Brown | Aston Martin DB2 | |
Daily Graphic Trophy | 2nd | Owen Racing Organisation | BRM Type 15 | |
Boreham International | 3rd | Maserati 4CLT | ||
Woodcote Cup | 3rd | Owen Racing Organisation | BRM Type 15 | |
1953 | British Empire Trophy[3] | 1st | Aston Martin | Aston Martin DB3S |
Charterhall International[4] | 1st | Aston Martin | Aston Martin DB3S | |
Goodwood Nine Hours | 1st | David Brown | Aston Martin DB3S | |
Grand Prix, 12 Hours of Sebring | 2nd | Aston Martin | Aston Martin DB3 | |
RAC Tourist Trophy | 2nd | Aston Martin | Aston Martin DB3S | |
Silverstone International | 3rd | Aston Martin | Aston Martin DB3 | |
1954 | Lavant Cup | 1st | Scuderia Ambrosiana | Ferrari 500 |
Whitsun Trophy | 1st | Scuderia Ambrosiana | Ferrari 500 | |
Crystal Palace Trophy | 1st | Scuderia Ambrosiana | Ferrari 500 | |
August Bank Holiday Cup | 1st | Scuderia Ambrosiana | Ferrari 500 | |
RedeX Trophy | 1st | Scuderia Ambrosiana | Ferrari 500 | |
International Gold Cup | 2nd | Scuderia Ambrosiana | Ferrari 500 | |
Daily Telegraph 200http://www.teadmdan.com/archive/www2/flibre/ | 2nd | Scuderia Ambrosiana | Ferrari 500 | |
Aintree International | 3rd | Aston Martin | Aston Martin DB3S | |
1955 | Silverstone International | 1st | Aston Martin | Aston Martin DB3S |
Charterhall International | 1st | Aston Martin DB3S | ||
Oulton Park International | 1st | Aston Martin | Aston Martin DB3S | |
British Empire Trophy | 3rd | Aston Martin | Aston Martin DB3S | |
Goodwood International | 3rd | Eq. Endeavour | Cooper-Connaught T39 | |
1956 | Southland Road Race | 1st | Aston Martin DB3S | |
New Zealand Championship Road Race | 2nd | Aston Martin DB3S | ||
Production Car Grand Prix de Spa-Francorchamps | 2nd | Aston Martin | Aston Martin DB3S | |
1957 | New Zealand Grand Prix | 1st | Scuderia Ambrosiana | Ferrari 555/860 |
Dunedin Road Race | 1st | Scuderia Ambrosiana | Ferrari 555/860 | |
New Zealand Championship Road Race | 2nd | Scuderia Ambrosiana | Ferrari 555/860 |
1950 !nowrap | Alfa Romeo SpA !nowrap | Alfa Romeo 158 !nowrap | Alfa Romeo Straight-8 | GBR | MON | 500 | !rowspan=2 9th !rowspan=2 | 4 | |||||
1951 !nowrap | Tony Vandervell !nowrap | Scuderia Ferrari 375 Thinwall !nowrap | Scuderia Ferrari V12 | SUI | 500 | BEL DNA | FRA | !rowspan=2 10th !rowspan=2 | 5 | ||||
1952 !nowrap | A.H.M. Bryde !nowrap | Cooper T20 !nowrap | Bristol Cars Straight-6 | SUI | 500 | BEL | FRA | GBR | GER | NED | ITA | ! NC ! 0 | |
1954 !nowrap | Scuderia Ambrosiana !nowrap | Scuderia Ferrari 500/625 !nowrap | Scuderia Ferrari Straight-4 | ARG | 500 | BEL | FRA | GBR | GER | SUI | ITA | ESP ! NC ! 0 |
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